A new UN report outlines how business and governments are failing in their responsibilities to protect human rights defenders from threats and attacks.
The UN report echoes the findings from a recent Global Witness report showing record numbers of land and environmental defenders killed globally – 200 in 2016 alone.
Michel Forst, Special Rapporteur on human rights defenders, presented the report to the General Assembly, saying that those who stand up to business abuses have also faced criminalisation and murder. This runs counter to the fact that companies actually benefit from contexts where activists can speak freely and highlight the human rights risks of business projects.
Global Witness Campaigner Ben Leather said, “For too long, companies and investors have shirked their responsibility to support those who speak out about business abuses, often in the face of great personal danger. This expert report is unequivocal: whilst governments have the primary duty to protect defenders, it is unacceptable for business to stay silent as critics of their activities are threatened and attacked.”
Investors are increasingly implicated in attacks against defenders, said Forst criticising them for failing to do their homework prior to deciding which companies and projects to back.
The Rapporteur called on investors to develop early-warning systems to respond to the risks facing activists, and recommended the use of investment criteria to exclude ‘countries and companies with extensive track-records of threats and attacks against defenders’. He said it was necessary for development banks, as well as private backers, to reform their practices.
States too are failing, the report shows. As well as acting at home, governments have a duty to control the behavior of their businesses abroad, and to provide redress when communities and activists are negatively impacted. A recent study showed that 25 per cent of attacks against defenders were connected with companies headquartered in Canada, China or the USA.
Leather said: “It is getting more and more dangerous for environmental activists and human rights defenders to protest against destructive industries and abusive business. This report demonstrates that governments, companies and investors are complicit in the violence. It is urgent that they implement its recommendations before more people are killed.”
The Rapporteur concurred with a recent Global Witness report, stating that the root causes of the risks facing land and environmental activists ‘are often found in the exclusion of potentially affected communities from decisions regarding their land or natural resources’. ‘Only by guaranteeing [their right] to give or withhold their free, prior and informed consent… can the seeds of conflict be avoided’, he said.
The report shows the bias of many police and judicial systems, in prosecuting those who speak out, but failing to investigate when activists face threats or businesses are accused of crimes. Governments are also complicit in denying activists access to information on business activities whilst underlying causes of conflict, such as corruption, need to be tackled to ensure long term change.
* Read the new UN report here
* Read the Global Witness report Defenders of the Earth here
* Global Witness https://www.globalwitness.org/en-gb/
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